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Trail:
The Origins of BSE
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One
of the superficial difficulties surrounding the viability of the
‘supersonic’ facet of this nvTSE origin hypothesis, is the
approximate 10 year delayed lag period between the start of the first
routine Concorde flights to JFK in 1976 (130) and the onset of the first
reported cases of BSE in 1986 (1). There
are obviously many theoretical scenarios that could be generated
involving the possible aetiological involvement of an infrasonic shock
induced mutation in some cell line or other which did not manifest
itself in a clinical capacity until the succeeding generation; as is
the case with ionising radiation. But, relative to this theory, the
delayed lag could be explained by the fact that the ‘infrasonic’
seeding of the first metamorphosed Mn rogue prions took place during the
susceptible ‘in utero’ period, where the ‘infrasonic’ seeded
bovine/human embryos would fail to develop the full blown clinical
phase of the disease until adult life – after a protracted, so
called ‘incubation period’ of free radical mediated
neurodegeneration had gathered sufficient pathogenic momentum to enable
the clinical phase of TSE to emerge. However,
It seems more plausible to suggest that additional causal prerequisites
which increase mammalian sensitivity to infrasonic shock need to
simultaneously come into play before TSE pathogenesis is initiated. In
respect of the theory under discussion, the compulsory ‘high dose’
usage of the copper chelating warble fly insecticides which did not get
underway until the start of the 1980s in the UK (6) (in combination
with Mn supplementation in feeds), rendered the brains of cattle more
susceptible to this class of infrasonic shock from the external
environment. A
more nightmarish scenario could envision that the intense energy of
infrasonic shock vibrations from jet over-flights had actually modified
the atomic structure of trivalent Mn compounds in the open environment (in top soil, vegetation, etc), transforming these into their rogue
ferrimagnetic form; thereafter rendering any Cu deficient
livestock/human susceptible to TSE after ingestion/inhalation of these
rogue Mn atoms from the infrasonically adulterated ecosystems. A SPATIAL CORRELATION BETWEEN THE TECTONIC PLATE RIFT LINES AND CLUSTER LOCATIONS OF SPORADIC / FAMILIAL TSEs (See map 3) Clusters
of sporadic/familial TSEs investigated in N Iceland, NE
Colorado, Mt Horeb (Wisconsin), Fuji (Japan), Slovakia, Calabria,
Sicily, New Quinea,etc. (4)(5)(142)(112)(113)(114) all lie over
major seismic belt/tectonic plate rift lines in common. (108)(115). In
fact, the offshoots from major plate margins, such as the infamous
“ring of fire” and the mid Atlantic rift, seem to demarcate
locations of traditional TSE clusters with remarkable fidelity. See map
1. Furthermore, the clusters often appear at specific locations on the
plate boundaries where tectonic activity has historically given rise to
intensive bursts of geomagnetic energy and seismic waves which radiate
infrasonic energy (104)(99) via volcanic eruptions, (106), earthquakes,
(107), geothermal extrusions, (99), thunder and lightning storms,
etc.(102) See chart 1. Significant Earthquake activity has been recorded at
every traditional TSE cluster location over the years. Such
a correlation gives credibility to the age old shepherds’ anecdote
which decrees that sheep will contract clinical scrapie after they have
been exposed to a thunder and lightning storm! (1) As mentioned previously,
these TSE locations are all sited in the key topographical landforms-
such as parabole mountain valleys – which can serve as acoustic
radiators or beacons; where amplification of infrasonic radiation
results from incoming prevailing waves converging through ‘wind
tunnel’ type locations. (109) FUTURE RESEARCH. Insight
into the primary causal mechanisms underpinning the pathogenesis of TSE
would enable the development of the most effective means of
prevention, control and pharmaceutical cure for these diseases. In
this respect, a major extensive research programme needs to be executed
into re-testing/expanding the pilot observations cited in this
paper. Furthermore, research that assesses the straightforward
application of copper, selenium and zinc as a preventative
treatment for TSEs should be put to test on domestic/wild
livestock grazing in TSE risk cluster areas; where Cu and Zn would serve
as a means of protecting PrP’s Cu domain (20)(21) against invasion by
foreign cations, as well as ensuring an optimum supply of antioxidant
activators in animals who would otherwise find their CNS unable to
defend itself against the hyperoxidative assault by external
environmental oxidants. Furthermore,
electrophilic-electron acceptor pharmaceuticals, such as the porphyrin
molecules (57), could be employed to target manganese bonded to PrP’s
histidine ligands and act as an electron acceptor; thereby reducing the
potentially pathogenic Mn3+ prion back to its sleeping, innocuous Mn2+
prion form. Pharmaceutical chelators that are specific to Mn, etc, could
also be tested as a means of reducing the load of Mn in the CNS. Factors
such as the polarisable susceptibility and resonance of the
‘metamorphosed’ Mn atoms bonded to prions in TSE is of critical
importance when considering factors controlling ‘the duration of
incubation period’ and ‘severity of symptoms’ in the TSE disease
process. Therapies which could somehow depolarise or
destabilise the magnetic charge of the foreign metal species bonded to
pathogenic prions could be developed as a means of treating TSE . Above
all, surveillance programmes should be instigated which conduct analyses
for the full range of metals present in TSE affected brain material as a
matter of urgency. Such a programme could quickly identify the precise
metal species that serves as the critical co-partner on the pathogenic
prions in the different strains of TSE. Comparative
spectroscopy studies of the magnetic status of specific metals drawn
from top-soils exposed to infrasonic shock vibration and metals drawn
from top-soils in supersonic turbojet-free regions would make an
interesting study. Furthermore, Mn 3+ prion cell cultures could be
exposed to infrasonic shock waves to gauge whether infectious pathogenic
prions are generated as a result. Preventative
treatment could be put to good effect at the basic level of farm/soil
husbandry, where leaching of copper, zinc and selenium from soils could
be stemmed by reducing irrigation and maintaining sufficient levels of
humus and organic matter in soils. Also reduction of soil acidifying
artificial nitrogen fertiliser applications, sewage spreading and
mechanical compaction of soils could stem the build up of
‘available’ Mn and molybdenum (Cu conjugating) in the soils. Removal
of the types of systemic insecticide which directly chelate Cu or
disrupt Cu binding to proteins could be instigated. More importantly,
removal of Mn inclusions from calf milk replacer powders, free access
mineral licks and concentrate feeds, etc, could virtually eliminate BSE.
Curtailment
of low flying military/concorde over-flights over livestock/human
populated regions would also assist in the reduction of TSEs, along with
modifications to the design of their afterburner turbojets so that the,
as yet unrecognised, specific ‘Mn3+ resonating’ toxic frequency of
infrasound can be eliminated. In
consideration of the growing number of positive results of ‘in
vitro’ laboratory trials that have confirmed the high Mn3+/low Cu/oxidant aspects of this TSE environmental origin theory (41)(43)
(44)(45), as well as the positive recommendations made by the BSE
Inquiry in respect of supporting this theory (7), the continued refusal
of the various UK government departments to award grant support, let
alone encourage research/debate into the environmental perspectives of
TSEs is little short of gross negligence. Mark Purdey - 2002 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS - to Holly Purdey for secretarial assistance. |
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